![]() Artificial light source is a critical component in indoor farming since light is one of the most important environmental factors affecting plant growth and morphology (Hernández and Kubota, 2016). Indoor farming has become a popular form of urban agriculture as an alternative approach in food production. In developing countries, urban agriculture supplies up to 90% of vegetables consumed in the cities and about 100 million urban farmers worldwide provide cities with fresh horticultural goods (Orsini et al., 2013). This type of agriculture could also take the pressure off rural agriculture and decompensate land loss (Eigenbrod and Gruda, 2015). One option to increase food production is through urban agriculture. This growth in population means that a 70–100% increase in food production is needed to feed the growing world population (Godfray et al., 2010). The world population is estimated to reach the nine-billion mark by 2050 of which 66% will be living in urban areas (UN, 2014). Overall, plant response of seedlings under red light condition was much better compared to greenhouse-grown seedlings emphasizing the importance of red light spectral quality in plant growth and development. However, seedlings under blue or white light conditions showed 67–76% less in biomass compared to greenhouse-grown seedlings. Seedlings grown under red light showed 60–100% more shoot dry weight and were 67–115% taller than seedlings grown in the greenhouse. Spectral quality assessment showed that photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was highest under red LED light, but only a third of the total PPFD under natural light. ![]() This study purposely assessed the effect of monochromatic LED light quality on the growth of three varieties of artichoke seedlings compared to greenhouse condition. The use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is a popular source of artificial light for indoor farms due to its narrow light spectra, modular design and energy efficiency. Under this production system, artificial light provides the main source of illumination in sustaining plant growth and development. Indoor farming is becoming a popular alternative approach in food production to meet the demand of a growing world population.
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